![]() Investment in bisexual flowers was higher than in male ones, although more than 70% of the inflorescence was made up of male flowers. ![]() We found both bisexual and male flowers in the same inflorescence, with the staminate flowers presenting cryptic unisexuality. Additionally, we carried out experiments on pollen viability, stigmatic receptivity, and controlled pollinations. We used light and scanning electron microscopy to study the morphology and anatomy of the flowers. Herewith, we examine the floral morpho-anatomy and breeding system of this species to better understand the sexual function of different floral morphologies and the role of pollinators in its reproduction. However, to our knowledge, no further details on the breeding system or morphological studies are available. Spondias macrocarpa (Anacardiaceae) is an endemic species from Brazil, previously described as hermaphroditic, and considered vulnerable due to massive deforestation. The genus Spondias has a wide variety of sexual systems, with complete monoecious to polygamodioecious species.
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